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Type 2 Diabetes: Clinical Diagnosis, HbA1c Cutoffs, Pharmacotherapy, and Remission Protocols

Heart & Cardiometabolic Health

2026-09-14 4950

Type 2 Diabetes: Clinical Diagnosis, HbA1c Cutoffs, Pharmacotherapy, and Remission Protocols

Type 2 Diabetes is a progressive metabolic disease that causes insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and progressive dysfunction of pancreatic β cells. This article will discuss the current diagnostic criteria set forth by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), modern cardioprotective therapies such as GLP-1 RA and SGLT2 inhibitors, as well as Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) and diabetes remission therapies.

By Dr. Rommel Tickoo, MBBS, MDRead Guide

Diabetic Neuropathy: Early Nerve Pain Symptoms, Foot Exams, and Blood Sugar Control

Heart & Cardiometabolic Health

2026-08-27 4410

Diabetic Neuropathy: Early Nerve Pain Symptoms, Foot Exams, and Blood Sugar Control

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is the most common chronic microvascular complication of diabetes affecting up to 50% of diabetic patients over the course of their life. This essay will explore the biochemical pathways involved in neural glucotoxicity (polyol pathway and accumulation of sorbitol, and microvascular vasa nervorum ischemia), clinical testing using 10-g Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, and pharmacological treatment for pain.

By Dr. Rommel Tickoo, MBBS, MDRead Guide

Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Diagnostic Criteria, Heart Risks, and Lifestyle Reversal

Heart & Cardiometabolic Health

2026-08-19 4810

Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Diagnostic Criteria, Heart Risks, and Lifestyle Reversal

Metabolic Syndrome is a cluster of inter-related abnormalities that greatly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and mortality. We will look at the standard diagnostic criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (NCEP ATP III), the pathophysiology of visceral adiposity and lipotoxicity and finally at the full range of lifestyle interventions available to reverse Metabolic Syndrome.

By Dr. Rommel Tickoo, MBBS, MDRead Guide

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